Bible in Old Swedish with Commentaries Date Created 1526 AD

Description

Scanned from its Created Around 1526 AD original book to PDF and Quality Jpeg Files
on CDROM or DVDROM
Illuminated manuscripts are handwritten books that have been decorated (illuminated) with gold, silver, or brilliant colors. Illuminations may include small illustrations (miniatures), initials, borders, or other decorative elements. They were used to indicate divisions in a text, to tell stories, and to add beauty and visually memorable elements to texts. The earliest surviving examples of such works date from late antiquity (third-fifth century). Manuscript illumination reached its high point in medieval Europe, when illuminators, working within workshops called scriptoria, produced illuminated psalters, Bibles, liturgical texts, illustrated saints’ lives, and other works. Illuminated manuscripts continued to be produced after the invention of printing, and printed books also were often illustrated with illuminations. Presented here are illuminated manuscripts produced in Europe between 764-83 and 1889, held in the collections of libraries and museums in Europe and North America.
Bible in Old Swedish with Commentaries
Description
This manuscript contains an abridged version in Old Swedish of the Pentateuch with three connecting short tracts, accompanied by the books of Joshua, Judges, Judith, Esther, Ruth, Maccabees, and Revelation. Translation of the Pentateuch—or paraphrase, as translation in the modern sense of the word occurred only marginally in the Middle Ages—goes back to the early 13th century. The paraphrast is unknown. The three connecting historical and philosophical tracts in the manuscript are by Saint Augustine and Saint Thomas Aquinas. Like the biblical texts, they are equally loose paraphrases of their Latin originals. The other Old Testament books in the manuscript were translated in the late 14th century (circa 1500): Joshua and Judges by Nicolaus Ragvaldi (died 1514), the confessor general at Vadstena monastery in Sweden, and Esther, Ruth, Judith, and Maccabees by Jöns Budde (circa 1437‒91), a monk at the Birgittine monastery of Nådendal in Finland. The translator of the Book of Revelation is unknown. The manuscript is the first known translation into Swedish of the Bible or a large part of the Bible. The colophon states that it was produced at the expense of the Vadstena nun Ingegärd, daughter to Torsten Bowastason. Ingegärd’s mother donated the parchment and an anonymous Vadstena nun was the scribe. She asks in the colophon to be remembered by readers in their prayers. The manuscript is decorated by two hand-colored woodcuts, one of which, attributed to the German artist Hans Sebald Beham (1500‒1550) or his school, is the only known copy of this print. The manuscript was in the possession of the Birgittine Monastery in Vadstena and was acquired by the Royal Library (National Library of Sweden) in 1780.
Artist
Beham, Hans Sebald, 1500-1550
Translator
Budde, Jöns, active 1459-1491
Ragvaldi, Nicolaus, died 1514
Date Created
1526
Subject Date
1526
Language
Swedish
Place
Europe Sweden Östergötland County Vadstena
Topic
Religion Bible
Additional Subjects
Augustine, Saint, Bishop of Hippo, 354–430
Bible
Bible--Commentaries
Bible. Old Testament
Illuminations
Thomas, Aquinas, Saint, 1225?-1274
Type of Item
Manuscripts
Physical Description
522 pages of PDFanfJpegFiles
256 leaves : parchment ; 43 x 30.5 centimeters
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